Потребительский кредит — большое подспорье при решении краткосрочных финансовых проблем. Его могут выдавать МФО, банки, ломбарды.
Потребительский кредит — что это?
Таким кредитом называют деньги, которые предоставляет кредитор заемщику для реализации не связанных с предпринимательской деятельностью целей.
Преимущества потребительских кредитов
Главная особенность рынка потребительских займов — большое разнообразие предложений. Договоры отличаются размером предоставляемых сумм, сроками кредитования, процентными ставками. Таким образом, для любого клиента найдется подходящее предложение. Выдающие кредит организации подходят к позиции заемщиков лояльно. Обычно хорошей кредитной истории достаточно, чтобы одобрить выдачу денег — документы, подтверждающие доход, от пенсионного фонда, налоговой службы, с места работы, где трудится заемщик, не нужны, страхование процедуры не обязательно. Результат — рассмотрение заявки, как правило, занимает один день.
К недостаткам договора можно отнести риск утраты заложенного имущества, короткий срок его действия — зачастую не более двенадцати месяцев. Вряд ли заемщик сможет реализовать и популярный на рынке запрос — оформление потребительского кредита в формате онлайн по низкой ставке. Договор заключают в письменной форме — иной формат взаимодействия с клиентом чреват для кредитора финансовыми рисками.
Классификация потребительских кредитов
И в офисе, и в сети Интернет кредитор обязан рассказывать о видах займа. Обычно кредиты классифицируют по целевому, нецелевому характеру. Если имеет место целевое предоставление денег, эта информация включается в договор. Предусматривается механизм контроля со стороны юридического лица. Если цель четко не прописана, главное — не вкладывать деньги в бизнес. Кредиты могут быть с обеспечением, без него. Законодатель подробно регламентирует отношения, касающиеся обеспечения ипотекой. В качестве него может быть указана неустойка, залог (какое-либо имущество должника). Потребительские займы могут быть краткосрочными или долгосрочными. Обычно под таковыми понимают те, которые соответственно выданы на: срок до года; более года, ровно 365 дней.
Поговорим о кредитных картах
Один из способов получения нужных денежных средств — использование кредитной карты. Кредитку удобно носить в портмоне или кармане одежды. Ей часто рассчитываются в супермаркете. Продвинутые кредиторы привлекают клиентов возможностями кэшбэка.
Некоторые заимодавцы говорят о льготном периоде — это короткий срок в начале использования займа, когда проценты не начисляют.
Требования к клиентам
Кредитор обязан публиковать перечень требований в месте предоставления услуг, в сети Интернет. Список этих правил, однако, открыт: законодатель жесткие рамки не устанавливает.
Общее правило — клиенту предлагают подтвердить факты совершеннолетия и российского гражданства. Некоторые займодавцы щепетильно относятся к перспективе возврата денег — заемщик обязан подтвердить справками постоянный источник дохода.
Популярные цели потребительского кредитования
Практика показывает, что обычно деньги берут на следующие цели:
- ремонт квартиры, частного дома;
- путешествие;
- получение образования;
- покупка недорогого автомобиля.
Кредитор размещает в открытом доступе общие условия договора. Главное — чтобы индивидуальные цели заемщика им не противоречили, однако такое встречается редко.
Оформление: подробно о нюансах
Процедура оформления условно включает в себя три этапа. Первый — ознакомление с предложениями. Особенности кредитования можно узнать, изучая стенды в офисах организаций, сайты кредиторов. Наиболее удобный вариант — обратиться к ресурсу-агрегатору, который аккумулирует сведения о множестве заимодавцев. Это идеальный формат для тех, кто предпочитает оформлять потребительские кредиты в режиме онлайн, без предоставления справок.
Когда условия изучены и выбор сделан, можно оформить заявку с помощью Интернета, оставив требуемые сведения в форме обратной связи. Менеджер кредитора перезвонит для уточнения деталей.
После согласования предварительных параметров договора, заемщику нужно посетить офис организации и внимательно прочитать весь договор еще раз. Дополнительные платежи, страхование, график внесения платежей, санкции при просрочке — пункты, на которые стоит клиенту обратить особое внимание. Огромную роль играют срок действия договора, предоставляемая сумма, процентная ставка. Ставьте подпись, когда вы согласны с каждым параметром сделки.
Трезвый подход — самое важное в вопросах кредитования. Невыполнение условий договора чревато потерей массы времени для обеих сторон договорных отношений, судебными разбирательствами, выяснений отношений со службой приставов. Строгое соблюдение договоренностей — гарантия того, что деньги не пропадут, а заявленная цель будет достигнута.
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